You can use the following methods to retrieve the current view, location or the browser URL:

• UIInternals#getActiveViewLocation() to get currently active Location
• UIInternals#getActiveRouterTargetsChain() to get currently active route chain (a list of RouterLayout components with the active location component)
• Page#fetchCurrentURL to asynchronously fetch the URL from the browser (documentation)
• VaadinServletRequest.getRequestURL() as documented on StackOverflow but this one is buggy: flow #17602
• UI.getCurrentView() is a handy utility method which consults getActiveRouterTargetsChain()

The location is also available in BeforeEnterObserver’s BeforeEnterEvent#getLocation() and AfterNavigationObserver’s AfterNavigationEvent#getLocation().